Hs represents the design elevation; Hd stands for the ground elevation; At denotes the history of fill area; Aw represents the excavated area; Dh indicates the difference in elevation. Road engineering cross-sections are composed of cross-section design lines and ground lines. The design lines include travel lanes, shoulders, median strips, curb drains, road slopes, culverts, retaining slopes, as well as borrow pit, spoil pile, and environmental protection facilities. There are two main types of road engineering cross-sections:
1. Single-panel road cross-section: This type of cross-section does not use median strips to divide travel lanes and has the advantages of occupying less space, requiring less investment, achieving higher efficiency at intersections, and offering flexible road usage. It is commonly found in motor vehicle-only lanes, bicycle-only lanes, and a significant number of minor and secondary roads with mixed motor vehicle and non-motor vehicle traffic.
2. Double-panel road cross-section: This cross-section uses median strips to divide the travel lanes into two parts. Firstly, the central median strip can resolve the mutual interference of opposing motor vehicle flows, making it suitable for traffic-intensive throughways with high vehicle speeds and solely motorized traffic.
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